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1. What Abortion Pills Are
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* **Medication abortion** uses medicines to end a pregnancy.
* The most common combination worldwide is:
* **Mifepristone** – blocks the hormone progesterone, which is needed to continue pregnancy.
* **Misoprostol** – causes the uterus to contract and expel its contents.
Some regimens use **misoprostol alone** if mifepristone is not available.
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## 2. When They Can Be Used
* Typically effective **up to 10–12 weeks of pregnancy** (counted from the first day of the last menstrual period).
* Effectiveness decreases after that point; surgical abortion may be recommended later.
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## 3. How They Work (Step by Step)
1. **Mifepristone (first pill):**
* Taken by mouth.
* Stops progesterone → pregnancy stops growing.
2. **Misoprostol (second pill):**
* Taken 24–48 hours later, either by mouth (between cheek & gum) or vaginally.
* Causes cramping and bleeding to empty the uterus.
3. **Follow-up:**
* Light to heavy bleeding for days to weeks is normal.
* A check (in-person or telehealth) ensures abortion is complete.
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## 4. Effectiveness
* **Mifepristone + Misoprostol:** about **95–99% effective** in early pregnancy.
* **Misoprostol alone:** about **80–90% effective**.
* If unsuccessful, a repeat dose or surgical procedure may be needed.
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## 5. Side Effects & What to Expect
* **Common & expected:**
* Cramping (can be strong)
* Bleeding (heavier than a period, often with clots)
* Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, chills, fatigue, headache
* **When to seek urgent care:**
* Soaking **2+ pads per hour for 2+ hours**
* Severe abdominal pain not relieved by medication
* Fever above 38°C (100.4°F) lasting more than 24 hours
* Foul-smelling discharge
* Signs of ongoing pregnancy after 1–2 weeks
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## 6. Safety
* Generally very safe — lower risk than carrying pregnancy to term.
* Rare complications: heavy bleeding, infection, incomplete abortion.
* People with certain health conditions (bleeding disorders, ectopic pregnancy, some chronic illnesses) need extra medical evaluation.
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## 7. Access & Legality
* **Availability differs** by country/state.
* In some regions, abortion pills are available in clinics, by prescription, or through telehealth.
* In others, access is legally restricted.
* Reliable information sources:
* [Women on Web](https://www.womenonweb.org/)
* [Planned Parenthood](https://www.plannedparenthood.org/)
* [World Health Organization](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion)
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## 8. Emotional & Support Considerations
* People may feel relief, sadness, or mixed emotions — all are valid.
* Counseling or support groups can help if needed.
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⚠️ **Important:** If you’re considering abortion pills, please confirm the **legal status in your country** and seek **medical guidance** for safe use